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The basic architecture of AVR was designed by two students of Norwegian Institute of Technology (NTH), Alf-Egil Bogen and Vegard Wollan, and then was bought and developed by Atmel in 1996. AVR can have different meanings for different people. Atmel says that it is nothing more than a product name, but it might stand for Advanced Virtual RISC, or Alf and Vegard RISC (the names of the AVR designers).
There are many kinds of AVR microcontroller with different properties. Except for AVR32, which is a 32-bit microcontroller, AVRs are all 8-bit microprocessors, meaning that the CPU can work on only 8 bits of data at a time. Data larger than 8 bits has to be broken into 8-bit pieces to be processed by the CPU. One of the problems with AVR microcontrollers is that they are not all 100% compatible in terms of software when going from one family to another family. To run programs written for the ATtiny25 on a ATmega64, we must recompile the program and possibly change some register locations before loading it into the ATmega64. AVRs are generally classified into four board groups: Mega, Tiny, Special purpose, and Classic.
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| ATmega32 Block Diagram |
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| ATtiny25 Block Diagram |
